Research & Science

Atmospheric Physics
& Meteorology

Exploring the atmosphere, climate processes and numerical weather prediction through research, data analysis and scientific computing.

Explore AIFS Forecast → Research Interests →

Featured Research Project

AI Weather Forecasting

Exploring artificial intelligence in numerical weather prediction through the ECMWF Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System.

AIFS Forecast Project

An independent project focused on running the Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System (AIFS), using ECMWF Open Data initial conditions to generate meteorological forecasts.

PERSONAL RESEARCH PROJECT

Forecast Visualization

Model initialization: 06 November 2026 · 06 UTC

2m Temperature · Global | Europe | Greece

AIFS Single Forecast Model

0.25° Grid Resolution

+240h Forecast Range

6 hours Time Interval

Deterministic forecast · Forecast data initialized on 06 November 2026 at 06 UTC. Precipitation represents 6-hour accumulated amounts.

Ensemble Forecast Visualization

11-member Ensemble · Forecast Range: +240h

Explore the ensemble mean and spread across 11 forecast members.

2m Temperature · Ensemble Mean

Ensemble Mean represents the average forecast across the 11 members. Ensemble Spread represents their standard deviation and provides an indication of forecast uncertainty.

About Me

Academic background and research interests.

I am a postgraduate student in Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, with an academic background in Geological and Earth Sciences.

My research interests focus on atmospheric physics, meteorology, climatology and the application of numerical models to understand atmospheric and climate processes.

Through my research activities, I work with meteorological and greenhouse gas observations, climate datasets, statistical analysis and scientific programming using Python.

Research Experience

Research activities and scientific contributions.

Research Assistant

National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

April 2026 – Present

Scientific Writing: Co-authored the chapter “The Modern Ozone Cycle” for the Encyclopedia of Climate System Science (Elsevier).
Greenhouse Gas Analysis: Developing Python pipelines to process and analyse time-series data of CH₄, CO₂ and H₂O.
Data Visualization & Statistics: Creating regression plots, scatter plots and correlation heatmaps using Matplotlib and Seaborn for trend evaluation.

Research Assistant

Academy of Athens

October 2025 – Present

RescueKLIMA Project (May 2026 – Present): Rescuing and digitizing historical Greek climate data from the 19th and 20th centuries. Applying C3S-DRS protocols for Quality Control (QC) and processing daily meteorological observations to enhance ClimateHub.gr.
WB-EDU Project (June 2026 – Present): Developing educational material for undergraduate and postgraduate levels, focusing on environmental sustainability, air quality, climate change and waste management.
Climate Data Analysis (December 2025): Processed ERA5 data (1940–2025) to calculate decadal temperature anomalies using moving averages. Designed C3S-standard Warming Stripes combined with trend lines for regional climate insights.
Research Internship (October – November 2025): Evaluated Mediterranean climate variations using LESFMIP (CMIP6) multi-model ensembles. Quantified individual and combined radiative forcings (greenhouse gases, aerosols and volcanoes) against Berkeley Earth and ERA5 data. Analysed radiosonde data to study atmospheric vertical structures and mapped climate hotspots.

Education

Academic studies and research training.

National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

MSc, Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

October 2026 – Present

Postgraduate studies focusing on atmospheric sciences, meteorology and physical processes of the atmosphere.

National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

BSc, Geological and Earth Sciences / Geosciences

September 2021 – February 2026

BSc Thesis: “Study of the Evolution of the Ozone Hole over Antarctica”

Analysed CAMS minimum total column ozone data (1979–2024), evaluating long-term trends, September–December monthly variations and the influence of climate change and natural events on ozone layer recovery.

Examined the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption and the 2019–2020 Australian wildfires, highlighting the long-term success of the Montreal Protocol in limiting ozone-depleting substances (ODSs).

Final grade: 7.35 / 10

Publications & Scientific Contributions

Selected scientific publications, conference contributions and research outputs.

Book Chapter · Elsevier · 2026

The Modern Ozone Cycle

Eleftheratos, K., Kosta, R. (2026). The Modern Ozone Cycle. Elsevier.

View DOI →

Conference Contribution · 2026

RescueΚλίμα: Rescuing the 20th Century Greek Climate History of Extremes

Zerefos, C., Misios, S., Konsta, D., Fountoulakis, I., Kapsomenakis, J., Kosta, S., Tsouri, E., Nastos, P., Hatzaki, M., et al.

The Copernicus Climate Change Service General Assembly 2026.

Conference Poster · MedCLIVAR2026

First Methane Concentration Measurements at a Suburban-Background Station in Athens, Greece

Nastos, P., Eleftheratos, K., Kosta, R. MedCLIVAR2026 Conference, Limassol, Cyprus, 21–25 September 2026.

Conference Contribution · THEMES 2025

Mediterranean Climate Response to Large Volcanic Eruptions in Large Ensemble Simulations

Misios, S., Kosta, R., Zanchettin, D., Eleftheratos, K., Kalabokas, P., Zerefos, C. THEMES 2025.

Scientific Article · ClimateHub.gr · 2025

Ας ονειρευτούμε λευκά Χριστούγεννα…

Μήσιος, Σ., Φουντά, Δ., Κώστα, Ρ. ClimateHub.gr, 2025.

Research Interests

My scientific interests focus on atmospheric processes, climate variability and the application of numerical models.

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